Compression pump



(Jet. 18, 1927.

w. F. JENNINGS COMPRESSION rum? Filed April 4, 1925 2 Shets-Sheet 1 WFJennmg' I 4 vzkewdmrw #korneya:

- 1,646,2 4 Oct. 18,1927. WRJENNINGS 9 COMPRESSION PUMP Filed April 4, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Oct. 18, 1927.

UNITED" STATES PATENT or-rice.

WILLIAM rnnnnnrcx JENNINGS, tor LONDON, ,nnenaivn.

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Application filed. Apri1 4, 1925, Serial No. 20,666, and in Great Britain April 4, 1924.

This invention relates to compression pumps and particularly to thatclass of com pressor as employed with refrigerating apparatus. The improvements which form the 5 subject matter of the present invention are designed with a view to the obtention of satisfactory efficiency of the compressor when running at a high speed such as is required when the machine is direct coupled to an electric motor for example. With this and other objects in view as will hereinafter be apparent a compressor constructed in accordance with this invention comprises a substantial casing Within which is housed the crank shaft as usually practised in what is known as the enclosed type of machine the lower portion of the casing carrying the bearings for the crank shaft and an oil well situated beneath in the crank case.

On the same vertical line as the crank shaft in the niainbody of the crank case and parallel to the crank shaft is provided a cylindrically bored. cavity within which are placed open ended circular blocks each provided with a bore for the reception of the respective pistonsthat are mounted on the eccentrics or cranks of the crank shaft, the rotation of which imparts an oscillatory movement to thesaid blocks in consequence of which the cylinders may be said to oscillate. To one end'of the crankcase is secured a cover plate carrying an'oil separator and to the other end another cover plate carrying the ordinary stuffing box and gland.

through which the crank shaft passes, the

extension of said crank shaft having mounted thereon a suitable coupling or flange for connection to the motor by which the map chine is driven.

The upper part of the crank casing isenclosed by an integral cover in which are provided the delivery valves and connecting ports from the suction side of the machine effecting the opening and closing of the same.

The upper part of the crank casing is provided with conduits communicating with the delivery valves and suction ports aforesaid, said conduits terminating on the one side of the casing and the delivery of the compressed refrigerant is connected up to the aforesaid oil separator by a pipe whilst the oscillation of the cylinders as aforesaid the otherconduit is coupled up to the evaporator in the known manner.

It may be observed that contrary to the usual practice the compressed refrigerant pressure is existent within the crank casing instead of the suction pressure and an, ad: vantageaccrues thereby in that the same is available for maintaining a gas tight joint to between the surfaces of the aforesaid oscillatory blocks containing the cylinders and pistons and for forcing the lubricant into the hollow crank shaft that is provided with the necessary channels and transverse borings to supply the rotating elements.

As an example of construction embodying the aforesaid improvements reference'may now behad to the accompanying drawings in' which is depicted a compressor having two cylinders wherein it is presumed that carbonic anhydride (CO is to beu'sed as the refrigerant, but obviously according to the nature of the refrigerant so must the design be modified and the number of cylinders employed varied according to the capacity required. c V

- In the drawings Figure 1 is the right hand half of a longitudinal section of a compression pump having two oscillating cylinders, and Figure 2 the left hand half and Figure 3 a transverse sectional elevation taken on line m an of Figure 1 in which similar reference characters relate to like parts in all the figures. v i c a isthemain casting orcr'ank casi-ngthe open ends of which are enclosed by the cover plates 6 and 0 the former carrying the; end bearing d in which the crank shaft 6 rotates and the latter serving the purpose forthe retention of the bearing f, that is'imounted on the inner end of the fixture g which carrice the usual stuffing box it gland and screw cap j the outer end of the shaft 6 being provided with a coupling or flange k for attachment to an electric motor or other prime mover. I v 1 The upper part a of the crank casing. a is provided with the cylindrically bored cavity m parallel-to the crank shaft -e within which are placed the/open ended circular blocks n each of which is provided with a bore 0 for the reception of the working pistons 12' that are formed integrally with the sheaves 1" actuated by the eccentrics a formed integrally with the shaft 6 the rotation of which imparts an oscillatory movement to the blocks n within the cavity m whereby, on the down stroke, the suction port If is open to the cylinder 0 and on the up stroke the compressed gas is discharged from the port it into the delivery conduit 1) leading to the delivery pipe 'w that conveys it together with its oil content tothe oil separator 2 whence it finds its way through the pipe 3 to the condenser of the refrigcrating plant. 1

It will be observed that no suction valve isshown inthe drawing governingthe port t to the cylinder 0 so that it is directly open or in communication with the pipe 4 coming from the evaporator of the machine through a the conduit 5 in the top part a" of the casing, ordinary suction valves may however be employed. V r V Similarly it is not absolutely necessary to employdelivery valves 6 as shown as the oscillations of the blocks a efiectively control the discharge but it is preferred to employ them as by this means onlythe suction pressure acts upon the blocks n whilst the condenser pressure existent in the crank casing a acts upon the underside 7 of the blocks a ensuring a close fit between the oscillating surfaces adjacent to both the suction port if and the delivery port a.

As previously referred to the delivery pipe to is connected up to the oil separator 2 which is an integral part of the cover plate 6.

The oil separator 2 is providedwith the cover 8 from which depends the tubular stem 9 into which the compressed gas with its oil contentis delivered by the pipe w, some of theoil is immediately precipitated and discharged by the orifice 10 into the crank casing whilst the gas and a part of the oil finds its way through the orifice or orifices 11 provided in the stem 9 and disposed tangentially to the spherical or cylindrical surface 12 which produces a whirling actionv on the gas which is discharged through the orifice 13 to the pipe 8, whilst the oil clinging to the surface 12 collects at the bottom of the saidlsurface whence it is conveyed to the crank casing through the helical groove 14 formed in the enlarged end 15 of the stem 9 that more or less closes the bore 16 leading to the crank casing.

Any excess of gas accumulating in the crank case is free to find its way to the discharge pipe 3 through the orifice 17 and at the top of the cover 8 is provided the usual safety disc 18, which in the event of excessive pressure of gas in the crank casing, fractures so that the charge is allowed to escape.

At the base or near to the bottom of the a cover plate I) is provided the sight glass 19 the machine is running, this however is not visible when the machine is at rest. When the machine is at rest the oil'collects in the bottom'of the crank casing or oil well a? as shown in Figure 1 and when in motion it is expelled therefrom by the rapid rotation of the crank shaft 6 into the chamber 20 and maintained at a level beneath the oil sepaof parts as shown, in which the end bearing d is carried by the cover 6 the end of the shaft 6 being provided with the sleeve 21 that carries the flange or collar 22 and is secured to the screwed end 23 vof the shaft e. The shaft 6 is hollow as indicated by the dotted lines and provided with transversely disposed conduits for the supply of lubricant to thebearings and eccentric sheaves. V I

The opposite end of the shaft is similarly supported by the bearing f that is supported in the fixture g the said bearingrotating on the sleeve 24 which is similarly connected to the screw threaded part 25of the shaft e and provided with the flange or collar 26 in order to limit the lateral movement of the a,

sheaves by which the pistons p are actuated. Intermediate of the collar oriflange 26 an d the end of the fixture g is interposed the ball bearing 27 which resiststhe thrust dueto.

the gas pressure within the crank casing and affords means foreasy and quiet running. The fixture g aforesaid carries at its outer end the stutfing box it with gland z' and the enclosing nut j which latter is made in two parts to facilitate the withdrawal of the packing or the repacking of the gland as the case may be. a

What I claim is i i 1. In a, compression pump, the combina- .tion of atcrank case provided iwith a pair of parallel transverse bores and open at opposite sides, a crank shaft disposed in one of said bores, an oscillating cylinder mounted in the other bore, a piston in said c linder connectedto the crank shaft, a pair 0 plates disposed againstthe opposite sides of the crank case for closing the same, bearings carried by said plates for supporting the opposite ends of the crank shaft,va stufiing box carried by one plate about the crank shaft bearing for sealing the crank shaft through the plate, the opposite platehaving ajhollow extension communicating with the crank shaft bore of the-crank case and terminating in a supporting housing-for an oil a separator to feed oil from SELId separator into the crank case. a

2. In a compression pump, a crank case,

plates closing the opposite sides of the crank case, a crank shaft in the crank case extend ing at one end through one of the plates and terminating at'its other end in the opposite plate, bearings carried by the plates for supporting the crank shaft, a stufiing box carried by said first plate to seal the crank shaft through the plate, the opposite plate having a hollow conduit portion communicating with the crank case and provided with an 10 oil separator casing at the outer end of the conduit vfor conductingoil through said opposite plate'and in the crank case.

In testimony whereof I atfix my signature.

i WILLIAM FREDERICK JENNINGS. 

